Roads Reimagined: The Rise of India’s Electric Vehicles (EV) Ecosystem
📍 Why in News?
✅ PIB released a comprehensive backgrounder highlighting India’s rapid transition towards electric mobility, driven by policy support, domestic manufacturing and clean energy goals.
📍 What is an Electric Vehicle (EV)?
✅ A vehicle powered by an electric motor using energy stored in batteries or other clean energy sources.
✅ Types of EVs:
• Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
• Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
• Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
• Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
📍 Leading States
✅ Uttar Pradesh – Largest EV market (4 lakh+ units; 18% share)
✅ Followed by Maharashtra and Karnataka
✅ Delhi, Maharashtra and Chandigarh classified as Frontrunners in the India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI) launched by NITI Aayog (2025)
📍 Major Government Initiatives
✅ National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP 2020)
• Roadmap for EV adoption and domestic manufacturing.
✅ FAME India Scheme
• Launched in 2015
• Supports EV adoption, charging infrastructure and manufacturing.
✅ PM E-DRIVE Scheme (2024)
• Outlay: ₹10,900 crore
• Supports 28 lakh EVs
• ₹4,391 crore for 14,028 e-buses
• ₹2,000 crore for nationwide EV charging stations.
✅ PM e-Bus Sewa–PSM Scheme
• Deploys 10,000 electric buses through PPP mode.
• Provides payment security for up to 12 years.
✅ National Mission on Manufacturing (2025)
• Identifies EVs as a priority “seed sector”
• Aims to raise the manufacturing share of GDP to 25% by 2035.
✅ PLI Auto Scheme (2021)
• Promotes domestic manufacturing of Advanced Automotive Technology.
• ₹2,319.88 crore incentives disbursed to EV manufacturers.
✅ PLI ACC Battery Storage Scheme
• Outlay: ₹18,100 crore
• Target: 50 GWh domestic Advanced Chemistry Cell battery capacity.
✅ Scheme for Promotion of Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars (SPMEPCI)
• Minimum investment: ₹4,150 crore
• Domestic Value Addition targets: 25% (Year 3) and 50% (Year 5).
📍 Key Facts
✅ EVs attract only 5% GST
✅ Around 400 EV startups are operating in India.
✅ India is emerging as a global EV manufacturing hub with increasing localisation and AI-enabled mobility solutions
📍 Future Outlook
✅ EV market projected to grow from USD 3.71 billion (2025) to USD 191.04 billion (2034)
✅ EV battery market projected to reach USD 15.90 billion by 2034
✅ Target: 30% of all vehicle sales to be electric by 2030 (EV30@30)
✅ Planned 1.32 million charging stations across India by 2030
✅ Supports India’s 2070 Net Zero commitment.
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