25. Evidence indicates that glucose and other hexoses often exist in which form(s)?
a)Only in straight-chain structures
b)Only in cyclic forms
c)In both cyclic and straight-chain structures
d)Only in branched-chain structures
Answer: c) In both cyclic and straight-chain structures
26. Which disaccharide is the only one that occurs abundantly in the free state in plants?
a)Maltose
b)Lactose
c)Sucrose
d)Cellobiose
Answer: c) Sucrose
27. Upon hydrolysis, sucrose yields an equimolecular mixture of glucose and fructose known as:
a)High-fructose corn syrup
b)Invert sugar
c)Malt sugar
d)Liquid glucose
Answer: b) Invert sugar
28. Sucrose is commercially obtained from:
a)Grapes and honey
b)Sugar cane and sugar beets
c)Milk and cheese
d)Cotton and wood
Answer: b) Sugar cane and sugar beets
29. Which of the following is a pharmaceutical use of sucrose?
a)Osmotic diuretic
b)Demulcent and nutrient in syrups
c)Surgical dressing
d)Tablet disintegrant
Answer: b) Demulcent and nutrient in syrups
30. Dextrose is another name for:
a)D-Fructose
b)D-Galactose
c)D-Glucose
d)Sucrose
Answer: c) D-Glucose
31. How is dextrose suitable for parenteral use typically obtained?
a)Directly from grapes
b)By controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch
c)From the manna tree
d)By bacterial fermentation
Answer: b) By controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch
32. Mannitol is classified as a:
a)Polysaccharide
b)Disaccharide
c)Hexahydric alcohol
d)Amino sugar
Answer: c) Hexahydric alcohol
33. What is the natural source of mannitol?
a)Manna, the dried saccharine exudate from Fraxinus ornus
b)Starch from potatoes
c)Cellulose from cotton
d)Sucrose from sugar cane
Answer: a) Manna, the dried saccharine exudate from Fraxinus ornus
34. How is mannitol used when administered parenterally?
a)As a sweetener
b)As an osmotic diuretic
c)As a suspending agent
d)As a nutrient
Answer: b) As an osmotic diuretic
35. Starch is a mixture of which two polysaccharides?
a)Cellulose and Inulin
b)Amylose and Amylopectin
c)Dextran and Glycogen
d)Sucrose and Maltose
Answer: b) Amylose and Amylopectin
36. Amylose is a linear molecule composed of D-glucose units linked by:
a)α-1,6 glycosidic bonds
b)β-1,4 glycosidic bonds
c)α-1,4 glycosidic bonds
d)β-1,6 glycosidic bonds
Answer: c) α-1,4 glycosidic bonds
37. What type of linkages create the branch points in amylopectin?
a)α-1,4 linkages
b)β-1,4 linkages
c)α-1,6 linkages
d)β-1,6 linkages
Answer: c) α-1,6 linkages
38. Which of the following is a source of starch?
a)Gossypium hirsutum
b)Solanum tuberosum (Potato)
c)Acacia senegal
d)Gelidium cartilagineum
Answer: b) Solanum tuberosum (Potato)
39. Which of these is NOT a pharmaceutical use of starch?
a)Tablet filler and disintegrant
b)Antidote for iodine poisoning
c)Osmotic diuretic
d)Starting material for dextrose production
Answer: c) Osmotic diuretic
40. Dextran is a polysaccharide formed from sucrose by the action of an enzyme from:
a)Saccharomyces cerevisiae
b)Escherichia coli
c)Leuconostoc mesenteroides
d)Aspergillus niger
Answer: c) Leuconostoc mesenteroides
41. Purified cotton is primarily composed of:
a)Starch
b)Lignin
c)Cellulose
d)Pectin
Answer: c) Cellulose
42. The glycosidic linkage in cellulose is:
a)α-1,4
b)α-1,6
c)β-1,4
d)β-1,6
Answer: c) β-1,4
43. What is a primary pharmaceutical use of purified cotton (absorbent cotton)?
a)Sweetener
b)Surgical dressing to absorb fluids
c)Tablet binder
d)Culture media
Answer: b) Surgical dressing to absorb fluids
44. Methylcellulose is used as:
a)An osmotic diuretic
b)A bulk laxative and suspending agent
c)A source of energy
d)A surgical dressing
Answer: b) A bulk laxative and suspending agent
45. Ethylcellulose is primarily used as:
a)A sweetening agent
b)A nutrient
c)A tablet binder or coating
d)An antidote
Answer: c) A tablet binder or coating
46. How are gums typically produced in plants?
a)As a primary product of photosynthesis
b)As a structural component of cell walls
c)As a protective exudate after injury
d)As an energy storage molecule
Answer: c) As a protective exudate after injury
#Tech | 
nd Lec * What is the definition of a solution in pharmaceutical terms? A) A heterogeneous mixture of two phases B) A homogeneous one-phase system consisting of two or more components C) A mixture where particles are larger than 1000…»
th Lec Tinctures (General) : 1. Tinctures are defined as alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions prepared from: A. Animal tissues only B. Vegetable materials or chemical substances C. Purely synthetic minerals D. Gaseous substances Answer: B. Vegetable…»
