👼 APGAR score & neonatal care essentials!
OBG NURSING - NEWBORN CARE
For NORCET 11 & RRB Nursing Superintendent
APGAR SCORE
• Assessed at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth
• Maximum Score: 10
• Score 7-10: Normal healthy newborn
• Score 4-6: Moderate depression, requires stimulation
• Score 0-3: Severe depression, requires immediate resuscitation
APGAR COMPONENTS
• A: Appearance (Skin color) - Blue/Pale-0, Body pink feet blue-1, Completely pink-2
• P: Pulse (Heart Rate) - Absent-0, Below 100-1, Above 100-2
• G: Grimace (Reflex) - No response-0, Grimace-1, Cry/Cough-2
• A: Activity (Muscle Tone) - Limp-0, Some flexion-1, Active motion-2
• R: Respiration - Absent-0, Weak irregular-1, Strong cry-2
NORMAL NEWBORN VITALS
• Heart Rate: 120-160 beats per minute
• Respiratory Rate: 40-60 breaths per minute
• Temperature: 36.5-37.5 degree Celsius
• Blood Pressure: 60-80 mmHg systolic
• Weight: 2.5-3.5 kg
IMMEDIATE NEWBORN CARE
• Airway: Clear airway first priority
• Warmth: Prevent hypothermia immediately
• Cord clamping: Done within 1-3 minutes after birth
• Vitamin K: Given at birth to prevent hemorrhagic disease
• Eye care: Erythromycin eye ointment to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum
NEWBORN REFLEXES
• Rooting Reflex: Touch cheek, baby turns toward stimulus
• Sucking Reflex: Disappears by 12 months
• Moro Reflex: Startle reflex, disappears by 4-6 months
• Grasp Reflex: Disappears by 3-4 months
• Babinski Reflex: Normal in infants, disappears by 12-18 months
COMMON NEWBORN CONDITIONS
• Physiological Jaundice: Appears after 24 hours, resolves by 2 weeks
• Pathological Jaundice: Appears within 24 hours, requires treatment
• Caput Succedaneum: Crosses suture lines, resolves in few days
• Cephalhematoma: Does not cross suture lines, resolves in weeks
• Milia: White spots on nose, disappear spontaneously
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3August 17, 2026 10.3K 116
