The main function of a network hub is to regenerate, shape and amplify the received signal to expand the transmission distance of the network, and at the same time concentrate all nodes on the node centered on it. It works at the first layer of the OSI (Open System Interconnection Reference Model) reference model, namely the "physical layer". Like transmission media such as network cards and network cables, hubs are basic devices in local area networks and use CSMA/CD (a detection protocol) access method.
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