Parasitology comparison
Disease:
🦟Malaria -> cerebral malaria (encephalopathy)
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> toxoplasmosis
🪱Cestoda -> neurocysticercosis
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> Echinococcosis, hydateiosis, hydatid disease
🐱Toxocariasis -> Toxocariasis (visceral larva migrans)
Infective stage:
🦟Malaria -> sporozoites
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> Sporulated Oocyst, pseudocyst, Tachyzoite and True cyst
🪱Cestoda -> egg of tenia solium
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> eggs of Echinococcus granulosus
🐱Toxocariasis -> mature embryonated egg of 2 round worms (toxocara canis & toxocara cati)
Intermediate host:
🦟Malaria -> human (schizogony)
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> Human and other animals(mammels , cat and birds)
🪱Cestoda -> human
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> herbivorous animals, human(accidentally)
Diagnostic stage:
🦟Malaria -> ring, trophozoite, schizont, gametocyte
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> Tachyzoite , Pseudocyst and True cyst.
🪱Cestoda -> cysticercosis cellulose (larva stage)
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> hydatid cyst (metacestode)
🐱Toxocariasis -> larva rhabditiform larva
Habitat:
🦟Malaria -> RBC
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> Brain (Intracellular)
🪱Cestoda -> brain
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> brain 1%
🐱Toxocariasis -> brain
Definitive host:
🦟Malaria -> female anopheles (sporozoites)
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> Cat (Felines)
🪱Cestoda -> human
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> dog
🐱Toxocariasis -> cat, dog
Vector:
🦟Malaria -> female anopheles
Sample:
🦟Malaria -> blood
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> -Blood (Tachyzoite and Antibodies )
-Tissue Biobsy ( pseudocyst and True cyst
🪱Cestoda -> serum (specific Ab) or blood (eosinophilia)
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> serum (specific Ab) or blood (eosinophilia)
🐱Toxocariasis -> serum (specific Ab) or blood (eosinophilia)
Mood of inf.:
🦟Malaria -> bite, blood transfusion, needle stick injury, congenital
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> Congenital, Ingestion of sporulated Oocyte, Ingestion of undercooked or raw meat containing pseudocyst or true cyst, Blood transfusion (Tachyzoite), Organ transplantation (Pseudocyst or True cyst)
🪱Cestoda -> hetero-infection, external autoinfection, internal autoinfection
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> ingestion of mature egg, handling with infected dogs (in hair)
🐱Toxocariasis -> ingestion of mature egg, ingestion of encysted larva
Diagnosis:
🦟Malaria -> blood film, increase lactic acid in CSF
🕸Toxoplasma gondii -> Microscopic stained smears (Biobsy ,blood and CSF), Ag detection (Blood ,Body fluids or amniotic fluid, Molecular PCR, based method (blood ,amniotic fluid and CSF), Serological (Ab)
🪱Cestoda -> serum Ab & blood lab
🪺Echinococcus granulosus -> serum Ab & blood lab
🐱Toxocariasis -> serum Ab & blood lab
