DT_PYTHON_LEARNING

# Optional
python -m pip install -U pip

python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt

# Optional
type requirements.txt

python -m pip uninstall -r requirements.txt -y

# Optional
python -m pip list

# Optional
del requirements.txt

# Optional
type requirements.txt

python app.py

import os
import shutil
from typing import Final

PATH: Final[str] = "./data"
NO_EXTENSION_NAME: Final[str] = "no_extension"


def main() -> None:
    """Program entry point."""

    os.system(command="cls" if os.name == "nt" else "clear")

    if not os.path.exists(path=PATH):
        print(f"[-] The directory '{PATH}' does not exist!")
        return

    items: list[str] = os.listdir(path=PATH)

    for item in items:
        source_file_path: str = f"{PATH}/{item}"
        if not os.path.isfile(path=source_file_path):
            continue

        _, extension = os.path.splitext(p=source_file_path)
        extension = extension[1:].strip().lower()
        if not extension:
            extension = NO_EXTENSION_NAME

        destination_path = f"{PATH}/{extension}"
        os.makedirs(name=destination_path, exist_ok=True)
        shutil.move(src=source_file_path, dst=destination_path)

    print("Done!")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        main()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass

    except Exception as exception:
        print(f"[-] {exception}!")

# **********
# How to delete a file, some files and a directory
# **********
import os
import shutil

PATH: str = "./data"

# **********
# Remove a file.
# **********
os.remove(path=f"{PATH}/file.txt")

# **********
# Remove some files ('*.txt').
# **********
# os.remove(path=f"{PATH}/*.txt")  # Error!

# **********
# Remove some files ('*.txt').
# **********
files: list[str] = os.listdir(path=PATH)
for file in files:
    if file.endswith(".txt"):
        os.remove(path=f"{PATH}/{file}")

# **********
# Remove an empty directory.
# **********
os.rmdir(path=PATH)
# OR
os.removedirs(name=PATH)

# **********
# Remove a directory and all its contents.
# **********
shutil.rmtree(path=PATH)

python -m pip install -U pip
python -m pip install -U yt-dlp

python ./app.py

import os
from pathlib import Path
from yt_dlp import YoutubeDL

BASE_DOWNLOAD_PATH: str = "./downloads"

def download_playlist(
    base_dir: str,
    playlist_id: str,
):
    """
    Download a YouTube playlist in order, up to 1080p, with English subtitles
    if available. Creator ID is automatically extracted from playlist metadata.
    """

    playlist_url: str = f"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={playlist_id}"

    # Step 1: Extract playlist metadata (without downloading)
    with YoutubeDL(params={"quiet": True}) as ydl:
        info = ydl.extract_info(url=playlist_url, download=False)

    # Extract creator/uploader identifier safely
    creator_id = (
        info.get("uploader_id")
        or info.get("uploader")
        or "unknown_creator"
    )

    # Step 2: Build directory structure
    # base_dir / creator_id / playlist_id
    playlist_path = Path(base_dir) / creator_id / playlist_id
    playlist_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    # Archive file to track downloaded videos
    archive_file = playlist_path / "downloaded.txt"

    ydl_opts = {
        # Best video up to 1080p + best audio, then merge
        "format": "bestvideo[height<=1080]+bestaudio/best[height<=1080]",

        # Preserve playlist order in filenames
        "outtmpl": str(
            playlist_path / "%(playlist_index)02d - %(title)s.%(ext)s"
        ),

        # Playlist handling
        "noplaylist": False,
        "yesplaylist": True,

        # Merge output format
        "merge_output_format": "mp4",

        # Error handling
        "ignoreerrors": True,
        "retries": 3,

        # Archive to avoid re-downloading videos
        "download_archive": str(archive_file),

        # Subtitle settings
        "writesubtitles": True,
        "writeautomaticsub": True,
        "subtitleslangs": ["en"],
        "subtitlesformat": "vtt",
    }

    with YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
        ydl.download([playlist_url])

def main() -> None:
    """
    The main of program
    """

    os.system(command="cls" if os.name == "nt" else "clear")

    playlist_ids: list[str] = [
        "PLNJUbRWljtkb0AzjG0s78goCg0xOaI9KK",
        "PLgt_9NUA44-Xu6-IbAE9DDti53hhx2ltM",
    ]

    for playlist_id in playlist_ids:
        download_playlist(
            playlist_id=playlist_id,
            base_dir=BASE_DOWNLOAD_PATH,
        )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        main()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass

    except Exception as error:
        print(f"\n[-] {error}!")

    print()

winget install "python package installer"

py -0

py -0p

py install 3.14
py install 3.12

py -3.14
py -3.12

py install 3.14 --update
py install 3.12 --update

python -m venv .venv

py -3.12 -m venv .venv

py uninstall 3.12

import os
import getpass
from rich import print


def main() -> None:
    """The main of program"""

    os.system(command="cls" if os.name == "nt" else "clear")

    password: str = getpass.getpass(prompt="Password: ")
    print(f"Your 'Password' is {password}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        main()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print()

    except Exception as error:
        print(f"[-] {error}!")

    print()

import os
import random
import string


def generate_password(length: int) -> str:
    """
    Generate a secure password with a specified length

    Args:
        length (int): Password length (minimum 4 characters)

    Returns:
        str: Generated password
    """

    if length < 4:
        message: str = "Password length must be at least 4 characters!"
        raise ValueError(message)

    # Define character sets
    digit: str = string.digits  # numbers
    special: str = string.punctuation  # special characters
    lowercase: str = string.ascii_lowercase  # lowercase letters
    uppercase: str = string.ascii_uppercase  # uppercase letters

    # Ensure at least one character from each type
    password = [
        random.choice(seq=digit),
        random.choice(seq=special),
        random.choice(seq=lowercase),
        random.choice(seq=uppercase),
    ]

    # Fill the rest of the password with random characters
    all_characters = digit + special + lowercase + uppercase
    password += random.choices(
        k=length - 4,
        population=all_characters,
    )

    # Shuffle the characters
    random.shuffle(x=password)

    result: str = "".join(password)
    return result


def main() -> None:
    """The main of program"""

    os.system(command="cls" if os.name == "nt" else "clear")

    password: str = generate_password(length=12)
    print(password)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        main()

    except Exception as error:
        print(f"[-] {error}!")

    print()