Constructs 📌 Constructs are abstractions that cannot be observed… — ELT Program channel — TG.ME

💢 Constructs 📌 Constructs are abstractions that cannot be observed directly but are useful in interpreting empirical data and building theories. Examples : ⭕️ motivation ⭕️ anxiety ⭕️ reading readiness ⭕️ underachievement ⭕️ creativity ⭕️ self-efficacy Constructs may be defined in two ways: 1⃣ a constitutive definition, which gives their general meaning, like a dictionary type of definition. 2⃣ an operational definition gives meaning to a construct by specifying the operations that researchers would perform to measure or manipulate the construct. #research @Eltprogram @Elt_program